Qoraaladda Dhexe (BBU) Xaaladka Dhibaatooyinka Qoobada

Kala xidhinta BBU (Baseband Unit) ee shabakada core ee arimaha 4G/5G (RANs) waa in la xidho komponentiyada muhiimka ah ee BBU si aan ugu dhow iyo fudud ugu dhow, si ay ugu dhowdaan dadka soo saarista, isdhaafka iyo maareynta shabka. BBU-oyaa sii processing gudbinta baseband ee RRU-oyinka (Remote Radio Units) iyo xidhinta shabka core iyadoo la isticmaalo protokolka muhimka ah sida S1 (4G) ama NG (5G), si ay u noqdaan dalabka ugu dhow ee xiriirka ee xiriirka ee ka mid ah shabka core (tusaale ahaan, AMF, SMF ee 5G). Kala xidhinta waxay ka kooban tahay in la sameeyo xidhitaal oo farsamay oo leh latency ka yar iyadoo la isticmaalo cablada soor iyo Ethernet cad ugu yar, si ay ugu bixiyaan volume ka weyn ee data ee ka soo hor jeedda RRU-oyinka badan, iyadoo heerka bandwidth-ka waxaa laabaa in la buuxiyo in la xidho dadka iyo adeegyada (tusaale ahaan, 5G NR waa in la tustaa ilaa 20 Gbps per BBU). Isdhaafinta waa muhim in ay BBU-oyinka isticmaala GPS ama IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP) si ay u leeyihiin isdhaafinta shabka core, si ay u hubiyaan in gudbinta si toos ah ay soo saaray celloba. Virtualization, caqabada muhimka ah, waa in la kala xidho wixii BBU (tusaale ahaan, processing baseband) oo ku saleysan shabakada virtualized (vBBU), si ay u kala bixiyaan qiimooyinka komponantiyada iyo si ay ugu dhowdaan bedelka awoodda. Kala xidhintaan waa in la tustaa network slicing, si BBU-oyinka ay u taliyaan traffic ee slice-ka ah (tusaale ahaan, latency ka yar ee gaming vs. throughput weyn ee streaming) sida ay core-ka u amray. Faaydaynta waxay ka kooban tahay in la kala bixiyo latency (iyadoo la kala bixiyo qaybinta data), maareynta shabka fudud iyadoo la isticmaalo nidaamka O&M (Operations and Maintenance) oo guud, iyo kala badalidda si ay ugu dhowdaan talada dadka oo badan. Dhibaatooyinka waxay ka kooban tahay in la hubiyo in la xidhaayo BBU-oyinka hore iyo shabka core oo cusub, maareynta traffic ee data ee badan lahayd dhibaatooyin, iyo in la diyaariyo BBU core interface iyada oo la wareejiyo dhibaatooyin cyber. Kala xidhinta saxda ah waa muhim in ay ugu dhowdaan qawaamiyaha ee 5G, ka dib ee mobile broadband (eMBB) ilaa ultra reliable low latency communication (URLLC).