Baseband Unit Fundamental for Communication Signal Processing

Calibration of a baseband antenna is defined as the optimization of the performance of an antenna with reference to a baseband unit. It includes the measuring and compensation of parameters such as antenna gain, phase imbalance, and frequency response. In a MIMO system, proper calibration maximizes spatial multiplexing gain which increases the data rate. For instance, the more the phase of signals transmitted from different antennas is adjusted, the less interference there is. Calibration is done largely at the installation of new base stations or after some time, when there is a decline in antenna performance due to aging, with special purpose tools and software.